How can commitments under Art.8 para.3 (to enhance… and… support) be monitored and assessed through the global stocktake? What additional rules/procedures/decisions relating to the global stocktake may facilitate parties’ efforts under Art.8 and/or strengthen the WIM? Advice: 1. How can commitments to enhance understanding, action and …

How likely is it that REDDplus (or REDD+) can be registered as a trademark in the US? Who can object? What would this mean for the use of the term by others? Advice: 1. How likely it is – in your view – that the application will be approved? The application has been initially refused […]

1. As the so-called “Paris Rulebook” will be adopted as a series of CMA decisions, what will be its legal status? Does the fact that the Rulebook will need to be implemented nationally give it a different legal status than “normal” COP decisions?  2. Given that the Paris Rulebook will take the form of a COP decision, […]

What procedural remedies are available to Parties who assert that another party does not act in line with its commitments under the Paris Agreement? Advice: There have been indications that the US might revise its nationally determined contribution (NDC) under the Paris Agreement downwards. Subsequently, the US president announced the country’s withdrawal …

What are the legal or institutional hurdles/challenges for having the Adaptation Fund serve the Paris Agreement, and what options exist to overcome these hurdles/challenges? Advice: The Adaptation Fund (AF) operates under the Kyoto Protocol and is not part of the Financial Mechanism defined under the UNFCCC. For the time being, it does not serve the …