1. What is “MRV”? 2. How does MRV differ from compliance and enforcement? 3. What is ICA? How does ICA relate to MRV? 4. How does MRV function under the Kyoto Protocol, and what elements are involved?  5. To what issues in the UNFCCC negotiations does MRV relate? Are there already provisions for MRV in […]

1. What is the difference between a ‘framework’ and a ‘programme’? 2. What are the relative advantages and disadvantages/strengths and weaknesses of calling for an ‘adaptation framework’ or an ‘adaptation programme’? 3. Is an option (i.e. framework vs. programme) better for delivering some of the elements mentioned above and not others? …

Are there any precedents for giving rebates to certain countries for revenues that have been collected internationally similar to the idea of making compensatory rebates to developing countries from revenues from a bunker fuel levy? Summary: There are very few examples of revenues collected under international authority and then allocated differently …

1. What do international law and best practices and standards (including UNFCCC and GCF rules or standards), World Bank policies and guidelines, and US and EU law and best practice standards say about the fiduciary responsibility of trustees, the obligations of consultants, and potential conflicts of interest where one organization plays both roles?  …