Does the mandate of other international fora, in particular the WTO, limit the competence of the UNFCCC to review and possibly decide on measures for the introducing of a global levy on carbon majors to pay for loss and damage from climate change? If so, to what extent? Advice: 1. Introduction The UNFCCC and the […]

The adverse effects of climate change threaten the enjoyment of a range of human rights, such as the right to life, adequate food, adequate housing, and to safe drinking water and sanitation. As such, integrating human rights considerations in the new climate change agreement is an importance issue for some countries and observer organisations involved …

Does the voluntary nature of INDCs conflict with States’ obligations on human rights? Summary: States’ human rights obligations are generally owed to individuals within their jurisdictions and not to other States. Accordingly, to the extent that human rights oblige States to address climate change, any such obligation is owed to individuals and …

If and to what extent does the process of submitting Intended Nationally Determined Contributions that reflect states’ voluntary efforts to address climate change conflict with the science-based approach under public international law? Summary: The science-based approach under the UNFCCC does not affect the validity or political relevance of voluntary …