Could you please clarify the legal meaning of the terms “double counting”, “real, permanent, additional and verified” and “net decrease”, in the context of the UNFCCC and its market instruments, particularly the Framework of Various Approaches, New Market Mechanism and Non Market-based Approaches?  Advice:  The UNFCCC aims to stabilize “the …

Please advise on the likely status of: emissions trading credits relating to Article 17 of the Kyoto Protocol (emissions trading); and emission reduction units relating to Article 6 of the Kyoto Protocol (joint implementation) under the Paris Agreement due to be agreed at the end of this year and which is intended to come into force […]

Could you provide a broad overview of the constitutional structure governing the President’s ability to enter into and execute international agreements?  Could you then examine the proposed core elements of the new climate treaty/agreement/protocol – mitigation, adaptation, finance, technology development and transfer, and capacity-building …

In this briefing paper, we set out our views on the following questions: What is a compliance / enforcement mechanism? What is its purpose and why is it important? Where would be the most appropriate place in the LCA text for such a mechanism (which deals with finance and mitigation by developed country parties only) […]

Are there any precedents for giving rebates to certain countries for revenues that have been collected internationally similar to the idea of making compensatory rebates to developing countries from revenues from a bunker fuel levy? Summary: There are very few examples of revenues collected under international authority and then allocated differently …