What is the scope of the reporting requirement on climate change impacts and adaptation under Article 13.8 in relation to the transparency framework? Can the adaptation communication under Article 7.11 be used to fulfil the reporting requirements or is there scope for article 13.8 to be interpreted as covering something else/broader than adaptation …

1. Can you provide an assessment of what might be the different approaches for interpreting the term “flexibility” in the context of Article 13 of the Paris Agreement which expressly envisages that flexibility will be provided in the implementation of its provisions to those developing country Parties that need it (Arts.13.1, 2 and 12 and …

What are the options for reviewing i) currently submitted INDCs and ii) commitments/contributions more generally under the draft Paris Agreement? What are the legal implications of such options/processes/frameworks/mechanisms/etc? Advice For the purposes of this advice, the concept of ‘reviewing’ INDCs and other commitments or contributions (‘###s’) …

Could you please clarify the legal meaning of the terms “double counting”, “real, permanent, additional and verified” and “net decrease”, in the context of the UNFCCC and its market instruments, particularly the Framework of Various Approaches, New Market Mechanism and Non Market-based Approaches?  Advice:  The UNFCCC aims to stabilize “the …

1) What greenhouse gases will be covered in the new climate agreement ? will they be all the gases not addressed under the Montreal Protocol or some only? What guidance and information is there on this issue ? 2) Please can you clarify the relationship between the UNFCCC and the Montreal Protocol. Summary: The UNFCCC […]