1. Can you provide an assessment of what might be the different approaches for interpreting the term “flexibility” in the context of Article 13 of the Paris Agreement which expressly envisages that flexibility will be provided in the implementation of its provisions to those developing country Parties that need it (Arts.13.1, 2 and 12 and …

1. Can you provide an interpretation of the term “will” in Article 2.2 (the Agreement ‘will reflect equity and CBDRRC’)? How, if at all, does it impact on the implementation of the Agreement’s operational parts? 2. Since 2.2 does not use operational language, to what extent does the principle of CBDRRC none the less …

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Is it mandatory to submit an adaptation communication? If a party does submit an adaptation communication, are the provisions of Article 7.11 mandatory? In essence, how much flexibility do these provisions offer? Can you produce an analysis of the obligations of Parties under Articles 7.10 and 7.11? Summary: Articles 7.10 and 7.11 reflect formal, procedural …

1. Paris Agreement Article 13(7), (8), (9) and (10) requires the Parties to provide certain information, using the textual language of “shall” and “should”, whereas decision 1/CP.21 para. 91 states that Parties (save for LDCs and SIDs) “shall” submit the information in Article 13 “as appropriate” and no …