1. If qualitative language only were adopted by UNFCCC (e.g. §18), could it be regarded as having legal weight in relation to measures adopted by IMO or ICAO? E.g., could a UNFCCC Party not only refuse to ratify a measure in IMO or ICAO, but seek legal redress against such a measure by other Parties, […]

In 2008, the Maldives, on behalf of the Group of Least Developed Countries (LDCs), submitted a proposal to the Conference of the Parties (COP) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) for an International Air Passenger Adaptation Levy (IAPAL). The suggested IAPAL is a tax on the purchase of international airfares differentiated …