1. Does LRTAP contain substantive pollution reduction standards and has it evolved to cover new and additional issues or expanded in geographical scope?  2.Does the Basel Agreement and another Multinational Environmental Agreement (MEA) contain substantive pollution reduction standards?  Summary 1. The LRTAP has evolved to cover new issues and in …

What are examples of other regional agreements (environmental or other) that have used formal and informal (i.e., MOUs, declarations of intent, etc.) mechanisms to establish the agreement as a platform for enhanced cooperation with nations outside the region, and the key drivers and mechanisms employed? Summary: Memoranda of understanding (‘MOU’s) …

1. Are there examples in international law where there is more than one protocol to the same treaty? 2. Does the subject matter of the two (or more) protocols overlap, complement or contradict each other? 3. If they do overlap, complement or contradict each other, how is this issue resolved between the protocols (i.e. how […]

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1. Can a COP decision require certain actions to be taken at the domestic (federal) level in the U.S.? 2. Is there any particular language that should be included in a COP decision to ensure action is taken at the domestic level in the U.S.? 3. What is the legal basis is for US implementation of […]