Context: The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has set up the “Global Basic Observation Network” (GBON) by Resolution 34 cg-18. This is a mandate to Members ‘to acquire and internationally exchange the most essential surface-based observational data at a minimum level of spatial resolution and time interval.’ The network is an …

Query:  The New Collective Quantified Goal on Finance (NCQG) decision text was adopted at the closing plenary of the CMA on Saturday and Sunday 23/24 November with little chance for Parties and Groups to speak (the gavel fell very quickly). Immediately after the gavelling went through, a few countries took the floor to express their […]

This research introduces the concept of unilateral trade measures and their rationale, and presents their potential benefits and drawbacks. Introduction The World Bank estimates that a quarter of the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions come from international trade. As countries race to increase the ambition of the Nationally Determined Contributions …

This explainer dives into the evolving concept of a “just transition”. It alerts the reader to some of the different meanings that have been given to it and explains how Parties in the UNFCCC process have approached this concept over time. It also dives into the intricacies of the Just Transition Work Programme and how […]

Query: Please provide a summary of the framework for finance under the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework under the Convention of Biological Diversity and consider it in the context of the New Collective Quantified Goal on climate finance. Background: The report by the co-chairs of the ad hoc work programme on the new collective quantified …