Query: How important is it that the issue finance for loss and damage has been placed on the current provisional agendas (item 8f) of both the COP27 and CMA4?

Query: What types of outcomes can emerge from a COP and what legal value do they hold? Advice: 1. Legal bindingness in international law The creation of binding international obligations typically occurs through treaties, the result of extensive negotiations among nations. These treaties contain meticulously negotiated provisions, often developed over …

Queries: 1. Please provide examples, including a legal basis for joint work programmes between conventions, to coordinate across international instruments, in particular the UNFCCC and the CBD? 2. Please consider the operationalisation of the non market-based mechanism under Article 6.8 of the Paris Agreement and how such a Joint Work Programme between …

A schematic representation of the “activity cycle” that an activity must go through under the rules, modalities and procedures of Article 6.4 of the Paris Agreement in order to be issued with “Article 6, paragraph 4, emission reductions”. *Digital version of the diagram includes live links to relevant pages of Decision 3/CMA.3* …

Given that the Doha Amendment has not yet entered into force, and also in the event that this occurs in the remainder of 2019 or in the course of 2020, 1. What is the legal scenario once 2020 ends with respect to the continuity of the Kyoto Protocol in the absence of a third commitment […]